Europe and the Britain
France
France contributed important early science and writing technologies, many of which will be highlighted here.
Germany & Austria
Early writing and drafting instrument developments in the Germany/Austria region were arguably focused within the Nuremberg / Augsburg area, Included among scientific instrument makers was Georg Friedrich Brander who studied under J.G. Doppelmayr at Nuremberg before moving to Augsburg in 1734.
In Sotheby's book Drawing Instruments by Maya Hambly, the author mentions Early Instrument Makers Christoff Schissler (1530-1609), Jacobus & Domenicus Lusuerg (1680-1710), providing a rich science history of the region.
The Rennaissance Stylus
The Vatican library informs our understanding of the importance of the written word. Early Dutch drawings by Rembrandt and his ilk preserved beautiful moments without a camera.
British Innovations
Netherlands - Belgium - Luxembourg
Explore metalpoint instruments and a Dutch Silversmith whose work Is held by the Dutch Masterworks Amsterdam Rijksmuseum.