The seal matrix is engraved with an enigmatic cypher.
Note that the top end cap/seal matrix is designed to be removed, revealing an ink reservoir.
In 1508, it is believed that Da Vinci may have created his own fountain pens for personal use in Italy. There is no concrete evidence to support this claim, although there are two illustrations of a more basic stylographic pen design in his notebook.
In 1616, the Royal Registry of Augsburg described a pen with a silver-tubed handle that could be filled with ink, featuring a nib made of silver or goosefeather. This pen was given to King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden after Sweden invaded and conquered their kingdom.
In 1632, Daniel Schwenter wrote about the concept of a fountain pen made from two quills. According to his description, one quill would hold the ink while the other would keep everything together. The ink would be contained in a cork, and to use the pen, the ink would be squeezed through a small hole, flowing down to the writing tip, thus creating a quill-reservoir pen.
In 1663, Samuel Pepys, a British naval administrator, received a letter from Mr. Schwenter, who promised to provide him with ink, which was deemed necessary after receiving a silver pen. Mr. Pepys opined …"This evening came a letter about business from Mr. Coventry [Sir William Coventry] and with it a silver pen he promised me to carry inke in, which is very necessary".
The earliest depiction of a fountain pen found in Michael Finlay's book “Western Writing Implements in the Age of the Quill Pen” is from 1702.
In 1709, Nicholas Bion authored "Traité de la construction et des principaux usages des" which included an illustration of a fountain pen.
Depicted is a French mid-18th century gold pen with capillary system for feeding ink to a Gold Pen nib, acquired in Paris.
The pen is hallmarked with 3 poinçon and the Gold Pen nib is punched with a single poinçon.
Nicholas Bion’s Traite describes a pen with a diameter of “3 lines” or .25 inches, similar to this pen.
In 1636, a book titled Deliciae Physico-Mathematicae, also known as Mathematische und Philosophische Erquickstunden, was published.
This book, written by Daniel Schwenter, gained immense popularity and was later expanded with two additional editions in 1651-53. Within the later editions Schwenter described and illustrated a fountain pen formed from two goose quills.
The interior of the end cap and the main pen tube contain ink residue, indicating function as a fountain pen.
The Gold Pen nib is a French tubular style, soldered into position. Within the interior is an Bion principle ink control system consisting of 2 small capillary slits and a larger hole in the center.
This instrument may have had an end cap for the Gold Pen nib that contained a Bion style ink control rod, however; it may simply utilize an early form of today’s fountain pen physics.
Research is underway regarding pen reservoir technological evolution history.
The Gold Pen nib is a broad point.
The 18th century punches are under evaluation.
The 18th century punches are under evaluation.
The 18th century punches are under evaluation.
The 1840s & 1850s saw a few early Gold Pen makers propose early fountain pen technology, and in several instances render ideas to patent applications.
Almon F. Warren was one of the futuristic designers, his ideas rendered in multiple patents.
Though A.F. Warren was not the earliest American maker flirting with fountain pen aspirations, he actually produced and sold his products briefly.
In 1858, Mr. Warren offered 3 models of his Fountain pen, two styled as Dip Fountain pens along with a Reservoir Fountain Pen, offering extended writing time up to 16 hour continuously.
Jacksonville Republican
09 Sep 1858, Thu • Page 4
BROADWAY - GOLD PEN &JEWELRY MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENT NO. 385 BROADWAY, N. Y,
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